Graduated Drivers Licensing (Click here for Canada)

State has a system of graduated licensing for teen drivers.

At 15, teens are eligible for a learner’s/instruction permit. Learner’s/instruction permit holders may drive with parent, legal guardian, or licensed passenger 21 or older in the front passenger seat.

• Teens must hold the permit for at least 6 months and accumulate at least 30 hours of supervised driving (waived for students who have completed driver’s education).

At 16, teens are eligible for an intermediate license. Intermediate license holders are restricted from driving between midnight and 6 a.m., and may not drive with more than 1 passenger (except family members or licensed drivers age 21 or older).

At 17, and with 6 months of driving experience with no violations, teens are eligible for an unrestricted license.

State has a system of graduated licensing for teen drivers.

At 14, teens are eligible for a learner’s permit. During this stage, teens must be supervised by a parent or guardian at all times, and must accumulate 40 hours of supervised driving during the permit stage—including 10 hours in “progressively challenging circumstances” such as inclement weather and nighttime conditions.

At 16, teens that have held a learner’s permit for at least 6 months are eligible for a provisional license. Provisional license holders are restricted from driving between 1 a.m. and 5 a.m. and transporting passengers under age 21, with the exception of family members.

Teens are eligible for a full unrestricted license at 16 and 6 months if they have not been convicted of a violation of a traffic law, or at age 18.

State has a system of graduated licensing for teen drivers.

At 15 years and 6 months, teens are eligible for a learner’s permit.

• During this stage, teens may only drive when supervised by a licensed driver age 21 or older.

Teens must hold a learner’s permit for at least 6 months and complete a driver education course or have a custodial parent or guardian certify in writing that the applicant has completed at least 30 hours (10 at night) of supervised driving, before being eligible for an intermediate license at age 16.

• For the first 6 months of licensure in the intermediate phase, the driver may not drive between the hours of midnight and 5 a.m. unless accompanied by a parent or legal guardian or traveling to or from a school, family or religious activity or other qualifying emergency.
• During the first 6 months of licensure in the intermediate phase, teen drivers may not have more than 1 non-related passenger who is under age 18 unless accompanied by licensed parent or legal guardian.

At age 16 and 6 months teens who have held an intermediate license for at least 6 months are eligible for an unrestricted license.

State has a system of graduated licensing for teen drivers.

At 14, teens who have passed the knowledge and vision tests are eligible for an instruction/learner’s permit.

• Permit holders may only drive when accompanied by a licensed driver, 18 years of age or older, who has at least 1 year of driving experience and is occupying a seat beside the driver, except in the event the permittee is operating a motorcycle.
• Teens must hold the permit for at least 6 months before being eligible for an intermediate license.

At 16, teens are eligible for an intermediate license if they have been crash- and conviction-free for at least 6 months.

• The intermediate license will automatically expire when the driver reaches age 18, provided that the driver has been free of a serious accident and conviction of a serious traffic violation for at least 1 year prior to his or her 18th birthday.
• Drivers with an intermediate license may operate a vehicle only when all vehicle occupants are wearing passenger restraints.
• Drivers with an intermediate license may not operate a vehicle between 11 p.m. and 4 a.m. unless accompanied by a licensed driver 21 or older.
• Drivers with an intermediate license may not operate a vehicle with more than 1 unrelated passenger under 21 unless accompanied by a licensed driver 21 or older.

State has a system of graduated licensing for teen drivers.

At 15 1/2, teens are eligible for a state issued learner’s permit. During this stage, teens may only drive when supervised by a parent, guardian, or licensed driver at least 25 years old.

Teens 15 1/2 to 17 1/2 must be simultaneously enrolled in or have passed a driver education course to be eligible for a learner’s permit. Teens must hold the permit for at least 6 months and accumulate at least 50 hours (10 at night) of parental/guardian certified driving experience. Teens must also complete 6 hours of professional driver training.

At 16, teens are eligible for an intermediate license. During the first year of the intermediate license stage teens may not drive from 11 p.m. to 5 a.m., and teens may not transport any passengers under 20 unless they are supervised by a driver at least 25 years old.

The minimum age for the end of intermediate license restrictions is age 17.

Exception allows a class C restricted license to enlistees in the California National Guard.

State has a system of graduated licensing for teen drivers. The learner’s permit eligibility is based on age and Driver’s education.

At 15 years of age, teens may drive with a learner’s (instruction) permit if they have completed and passed the classroom portion of a state-approved driver’s education course within 6 months of applying for their permit and they are accompanied by a parent, legal guardian, or driving instructor.

• Teens 15 1/2 may drive with a learner’s permit if they are supervised by a parent, legal guardian, or driving instructor and have completed a 4-hour driver awareness course.

At 16, teens who choose not to enroll in any formal driver’s education course may drive with a learner’s permit.

Learner’s permit holders must hold the permit for 1 year and log at least 50 hours of supervised driving time (with 10 hours of night driving) before applying for a restricted license.

• If there if no approved driving school within 30 miles of the permit holder’s residence, a learner’s permit holder between 15 and 15 1/2 years of age may alternatively complete either 6 hours of behind the wheel instruction or 12 hours parental supervised training.
• During the restricted or intermediate license phase, licensees may not drive between midnight and 5 a.m. for the first year of licensure unless accompanied by a parent or legal guardian. Travel between the individual’s place of employment, education, or residence is exempt with a signed statement.
• Teens with intermediate licenses may not have any passengers under 21 years of age for the first 6 months of licensure and only 1 non-family passenger under 21 during next 6 months of licensure (secondarily enforced).

Teens are eligible for an unrestricted license at age 17.

State has a system of graduated licensing for teen drivers.

At 16, teens are eligible for a learner’s permit. During this stage teens may only drive when accompanied by a licensed parent or guardian, an adult at least 20 years old who has held a driver’s license for at least 4 or more suspension-free consecutive years, or a driving instructor. Teens must hold the permit for at least 6 months (4 months if a teen is enrolled in driver education) and complete 40 hours of certified practice driving (8 hours of which must be done with a commercial driving school) before being eligible for an unrestricted license.

During the first 6 months with a provisional license, drivers are permitted no passenger other than a licensed parent or guardian, a licensed driving instructor giving instruction, and adult at least 20 years old who has held a driver’s license for four or more consecutive suspension-free years. During the driver’s second 6 months, all immediate family members are permitted as the only passengers. Permit holders are also restricted from driving between 11 p.m. and 5 a.m.

In addition, learner’s permit and provisional license holders may not transport more passengers than the number of seatbelts in the vehicle or operate any vehicle that requires a public passenger transportation permit or a vanpool vehicle.

Teens who complete the graduated drivers license system are eligible for an unrestricted license at age 18.

Parents or legal guardians are also required to complete a 2-hour class concerning teen driver laws and safe driving practices.

State has a system of graduated licensing for teen drivers.

Individuals who are at least 16 years of age and have successfully completed an approved driver education course and have passed both a written and road skills test are eligible for a learner’s permit.

A learner’s permit holder must be supervised by a licensed driver age 25 or older riding in the front passenger seat and who has held a Class D license for at least 5 years. No passengers other than the adult supervisor and 1 other passenger may be in the vehicle during the first 12 months of holding the learner’s permit (immediate family members are exempt).

After 6 months, learner’s permit holders are eligible for an intermediate license as long as they have completed 50 hours (10 at night) of supervised driving time. In the intermediate stage, teen drivers may drive unsupervised between 6 a.m. and 10 p.m. Intermediate stage drivers may drive between 10 p.m. and 6 a.m. only when supervised, unless they are traveling to or from church activities, work activities, or the license holder’s school. Teen drivers may not drive with more than 1 passenger (family members exempt).

At the age of 17 and after 6 months of holding an intermediate license, a driver in the intermediate stage may apply for a Class D license.

Driver education is required for all license applicants under 18.

The District has a system of graduated licensing for teen drivers.

At 16, teens are eligible for a learner’s permit. During this stage, teens must be supervised by a parent or guardian at all times.

• In this stage, novice drivers may not drive between the hours of 9 p.m. to 6 a.m. and must accumulate at least 50 hours (10 at night) of supervised driving that is certified by a parent or guardian.

After holding the learner’s permit for 6 months, teen drivers are eligible for an intermediate license.

• For the first 6 months, intermediate license holders may not carry any passengers (except drivers 21 and older and family members). Thereafter, drivers may transport no more than 2 passengers under 21 (except family members).
• Intermediate license holders may not drive between midnight and 6 a.m. From September to June, they may not drive between 11 p.m. and 6 a.m. on Sunday through Thursday nights.

Teens are eligible for a full, unrestricted license at 18.

In the District, all license applicants must hold a learner’s permit for 6 months, regardless of age.

State has a system of graduated licensing for teen drivers. At 15, teens are eligible for a learner’s permit.

• Permit holders may only drive during the day (after 3 months teens can drive until 10 p.m.) with a licensed driver 21 years or older. Permit holders must also accumulate at least 50 hours (10 at night) of parental/guardian certified driving.

At 16, teens who have held the permit for at least 12 months without a traffic conviction are eligible for an intermediate license.

• Intermediate license holders who are 16 may not drive unsupervised between 11 p.m. and 6 a.m. At 17, intermediate license holders may not drive unsupervised between the hours of 1 a.m. and 5 a.m.

At 18, teens are eligible for an unrestricted license.

State has a system of graduated licensing for teen drivers.

Residents at least 15 years of age may apply to the DDS for an instruction/learner’s permit to operate a non-commercial Class C vehicle. While driving, the permit holder must be accompanied by a person at least 21 years of age licensed to drive a Class C vehicle. Novice drivers must hold the permit for at least 12 months and 1 day and pass a road test before being eligible for an intermediate license. Instruction permit holders must accumulate 40 hours (including 6 at night) of supervised driving certified by a driving instructor, parent, or guardian.

Residents at least 16 years of age may apply for an intermediate license. Intermediate license holders may not drive between midnight and 6 a.m. — no exceptions. During the first 6 months of the intermediate license, novice drivers are prohibited from transporting any non-immediate family members. During the 2nd 6 months, no more than 1 passenger under 21 (immediate family members exempt). Thereafter, intermediate license holders are prohibited from transporting more than 3 passengers who are non-family members under 21.

Teens are eligible for a full unrestricted license at age 18 as long as they have had no major traffic convictions in the last 12 months.

The intermediate license requirements apply to all applicants for an unrestricted license.

Drivers may only move from 1 stage of licensing to the next if they have completed 12 consecutive months without a conviction for 1 or more of the following: DUI, eluding a police officer, drag racing, reckless driving, hit and run, and any moving violation for which 4 or more points are assessed.

State has a system of graduated licensing for teen drivers.

At age 15 and 6 months, teens are eligible for a learner’s permit, must hold it for at least 6 months, and must practice driving for at least 50 hours, including 10 hours at night.

At age 16, teens are eligible for an intermediate license. During this stage, teens may not drive between 11 p.m. and 5 a.m. (exceptions include driving to and from work or authorized school activities). Transportation of more than 1 passenger under age 18 who is not a family member also is prohibited during this stage. Teen drivers must remain free of convictions for traffic related offenses and may not be at fault for any crashes in order to progress in the graduated licensing program.

Teens who have held a provisional license for 6 months and are at least 17 years of age, or have turned age 18, can apply for an unrestricted license.

State has a system of graduated licensing for teen drivers.

At 14 and 6 months, teens are eligible for a driver’s training instruction permit.

The driver’s training instruction permit is held by the driver training instructor and the teen may only drive with the training instructor until the driver training course has been successfully completed.

After successful completion of driver training, the permit is given to the teen. The driver training instruction permit is then used as a supervised instruction permit.

During the supervised permit phase, teens may only drive when supervised by a person who holds a valid driver’s license and is at least 21 years of age. The supervising driver must be the only passenger in the front seat. The teen must accumulate at least 50 hours (10 at night) of supervised driving over a minimum 6-month period. A supervised instruction permit will be confiscated for underage alcohol consumption.

At 15 years of age, teens are eligible for a driver’s license if they have successfully completed an approved driver education course and have completed at least 50 hours of supervised driving over a minimum period of 6 months.

Teens under 16 years of age are restricted to daylight driving only, unless accompanied by a supervising person who holds a valid driver’s license and is at least 21 years of age. Daylight hours are considered as 1/2 hour before sunrise to 1/2 hour after sunset. There are no exceptions to this restriction.

Teens under 17 years of age, during the first 6 months of licensure, are restricted to carrying one passenger who is under 17 years of age during the first six months of licensure, unless the passenger is related by blood, marriage or adoption.

At 17 years of age, or after the first 6 months of licensure, supervised driving is no longer required and passenger restrictions end.

Any violation, including an alcohol violation, during the supervised permit period, will result in cancellation of the permit. The teen must purchase a new permit and start the 6-month supervised driving period over again.

State has a system of graduated licensing.

At 15, teens enrolled in driver education are eligible for an instruction/learner’s permit. While operating with a learner’s permit, drivers may not drive unsupervised between 11 p.m. Friday and 6 a.m. Saturday, between 11 p.m. Saturday and 6 a.m. Sunday or between 10 p.m. and 6 a.m. Sunday through Thursday.

• Learner’s permit holders must accumulate 50 hours (10 at night) of supervised driving, supervised by a parent or an adult age 21 or older with a valid driver’s license, who must be sitting in the front passenger seat and may not be intoxicated. The learner’s permit must be held for a minimum of 9 months before becoming eligible for an intermediate license.  The permit holder must not acquire any driving convictions during the 9 month permit phase.

Learner’s permit holders who have completed the learner’s permit stage as well as a state-approved driver education course and have their parent’s or guardian’s permission may apply for an intermediate license.

• Intermediate license holders may not drive unsupervised between 11 p.m. Friday and 6 a.m. Saturday, between 11 p.m. Saturday and 6 a.m. Sunday or between 10 p.m. and 6 a.m. Sunday through Thursday.
• For the first year of licensing, or until the driver is age 18, whichever occurs first, the number of passengers is limited to 1 person under age 20, unless the additional passenger(s) is a sibling, step-sibling, child, or step-child of the driver. After this period, the number of passengers is limited to 1 in the front seat and the number of safety belts in the back seat. The intermediate license must be held for 12 months and may be extended for 6 months if driver receives a moving violation.
• All occupants under age 19 must wear safety belts.

Teen drivers are eligible for an unrestricted license at age 18 as long as they have not received any moving violations in the last 6 months.

State has a system of graduated licensing for teen drivers.

A learner’s permit may be issued at age 15 if the applicant is enrolled in an approved driver education course or age 16 without driver education. This permit allows a holder to operate a motor vehicle while the holder is participating in an approved driver education course, with a certified driving instructor in the front seat of a vehicle equipped with dual brake controls, or when a parent, step-parent or guardian, who has a valid driver’s license (effective July 1, 2013, the accompanying passenger must be a licensed driver with valid driving privileges at least 25 years old or if the licensed driver is the holder’s spouse, 21), is seated in the vehicle’s front passenger seat. Practice driving may begin only after the holder begins the driver education class.

If not enrolled in an approved driver education program, a learner’s permit may be issued at the age of 16, and the holder may practice driving only when a parent, guardian, step-parent or other relative who is 21 years of age or older, and who has their valid driver’s license with them, (effective July 1, 2013, the accompanying passenger must be a licensed driver with valid driving privileges at least 25 years old or if the licensed driver is the holder’s spouse, 21) is seated in the vehicle’s front passenger seat.

If the learner’s permit applicant is school age, and either habitually misses class, is under suspension for a second time during the same school year, is under expulsion from school, or withdrawn from school for reasons other than proven financial hardship, then the applicant is not eligible to receive his or her learner’s permit until age 18.

The permit must be held for 180 days and the permit holder must complete 50 hours of certified driving practice, including 10 hours at night, before receiving an intermediate license. Proof of certified driving practice time must be submitted to apply for an intermediate license. Teens are eligible for an intermediate license at age 16 years and 180 days upon completion of an approved driver education program or 16 years and 270 days without driver education.

During the first 180 days of the intermediate stage, unless accompanied by a licensed adult over the age of 25 or for lawful employment, school sanctioned activities, or a religious event, teens may not drive between the hours of 10 p.m. and 5 a.m. Thereafter, until age 18, teens may not drive between the hours of 1 a.m and 5 a.m Saturday and Sunday (“late night” Friday and Saturday) or between 11 p.m. and 5 a.m. Sunday through Friday. Also, intermediate license holders may not have any passengers for the first 180 days, unless supervised by a licensed driver over the age of 25 (effective July 1, 2013, the accompanying passenger must be a licensed driver with valid driving privileges at least 25 years old or if the licensed driver is the holder’s spouse, 21). Exempts siblings, spouse, and/or children of the driver.

An unrestricted license can be obtained at age 18. Intermediate licenses automatically expire 30 days after a driver’s 21st birthday.

State has a system of graduated licensing for teen drivers.

At 14, teens are eligible for an instruction/learner’s permit. Permit holders may not drive unsupervised and must accumulate at least 20 (2 at night) hours of parental/guardian certified driving hours. 

At 16, teens who have held a permit for at least 6 months (effective January 1, 2014, 12 months), have completed driver education, and have passed the appropriate driving, written, and vision tests are eligible for an intermediate license.

Intermediate license holders may not drive unsupervised between 12:30 a.m. and 5 a.m.  Effective January 1, 2014, for the first 6 months of licensure, intermediate license holders may not drive with more than one unrelated passenger under age 18, unless waved by a parent or guardian.

Teens must also accumulate an additional 10 (2 at night) hours of parental/guardian supervised driving in the intermediate stage.

At 17, teens who (1) have held an intermediate license or a comparable license from another state for at least 12 months; (2) have been accident- and violation-free for at least 12 months; (3) have not had their license suspended or revoked; (4) have permission from a parent or guardian; and (5) present an affidavit by a parent/guardian attesting to the applicant’s driving experience are eligible for an unrestricted license.

Persons who were convicted of a moving violation or involved in a contributive traffic crash while holding an instruction permit or intermediate license are subject to a remedial driver improvement action or suspension of the permit or intermediate license. A person possessing an instruction permit when he or she committed a moving violation or was involved in an crash must remain free of moving violations and not be involved in an crash for 6 months before he or she may be issued an intermediate license.

State has a system of graduated licensing for teen drivers.

A person at least 14 years of age may apply for a learner’s permit. Vision and written tests are required to obtain a learner’s permit. Learner’s permit holders may drive at any time when accompanied by a licensed driver 21 years of age or older.

Teen drivers who have held a learner’s permit for at least 12 months are eligible to receive a restricted license. Applicants for a restricted license must be at least 15 years of age but less than 16 and have completed driver’s education. Teen drivers must complete at least 50 (10 at night) hours of supervised driving to move to the next stage at age 16. Restricted license holders under 16 may drive to and from school (not school activities); to, from or in connection with any employment religious service, or farm-related work, or at any time when accompanied by a licensed adult driver in the front seat. Restricted license holders under 16 may not have any non-sibling minor passengers.

Restricted license holders 16 and older have a night time limit of 9 p.m. to 5 a.m., except to or from employment, farm-related work, religious service, or school-related activities, or when accompanied by a licensed adult driver. Restricted license holders 16 and older are not permitted to transport more than 1 non-immediate family member under 18.

At age 16 and 6 months, teens are eligible for an unrestricted license.

State has a system of graduated licensing for teen drivers.

At 16, teens are eligible for a learner’s permit. During this stage teens may not drive unless supervised by a person 21 years of age or older, or a driving instructor on a driver training range. Learner’s permit holders may not drive between the hours of midnight and 6 a.m. and may only have 1 unrelated passenger under 20 years of age.

Teens must hold the learner’s permit for at least 6 months and accumulate 60 (10 at night) hours of parental/guardian certified driving before being eligible to apply for an intermediate license.

Intermediate license holders may not drive between the hours of midnight and 6 a.m. unless they can demonstrate “good cause” for driving such as emergencies or participation in school or work-related activities.

Permit and intermediate license holders must complete a mandatory 4 hour graduated license safety class.

During the intermediate state, teens are permitted only 1 unrelated passenger under 20 years of age.

Intermediate license holders must wait 6 months before applying for an unrestricted license.

Under state law, 16-and 17-year olds who are identified for academic deficiency, have 9 or more unexcused absences from school, or who have dropped out will not be eligible to receive a learner’s permit or intermediate license. Teen drivers who already hold a permit or intermediate license can have it revoked for the same reasons.

State has a system of graduated licensing for teen drivers.

At 15, teens are eligible to receive a learner’s permit provided they have completed a 38-hour state approved driver education course and have passed a driving knowledge test and vision test.

• Learner’s permit holders must be accompanied by a licensed driver over age 21.

At 16, teens who have held a permit for at least 6 months, accumulated 50 hours (including 15 hours at night) of certified driving time, and have passed a road test are eligible for an intermediate license.

• Intermediate license holders may not drive unsupervised between 11 p.m. and 5 a.m. The teen may not driving with more than one non-family passenger under age 21 between 6 p.m. and 5 a.m. A supervising adult must be a parent, guardian, or be at least 21 years old and have a valid license. Teens must hold the intermediate license for at least 12 months.

At 17, teens may receive an unrestricted driver’s license.

Drivers under age 18 may not use a wireless communication device while driving. The ban also applies to learner’s permit holders and first year drivers licensed by Louisiana, regardless of age.

State has a system of graduated licensing for teen drivers.

At 15, teens are eligible for a learner’s permit.

• Permit holders may not drive unless supervised by a driver who is at least 20 years old and has held a license for at least 2 years and is occupying the seat beside the driver.
• Permit holders must also accumulate at least 35 hours (5 at night) of parental/guardian supervised driving.

Teens must be 16 years old and hold the permit for at least 6 months before being eligible for a probationary/intermediate license.  Unless supervised by a driver at least 20 years old who has held a license for at least 2 years, teens may not:

• Transport any passengers, except except immediate family (grandparent; stepgrandparent; parent; stepparent; spouse; child; stepchildren; brother; sister; stepbrother; stepsister; a foreign exchange student that is living with the immediate family) during the first 180 days of licensure (270 days, effective January 1, 2013)
• Drive unsupervised between midnight and 5 a.m.

Driver education is required for all license applicants under 18.

State has a system of graduating licensing for teen drivers.

At 15 and 9 months, teens are eligible for a learner’s permit. While driving, learner’s permit holders must be accompanied by a qualified supervising driver who is 21 years or older and has held a license for a minimum of 3 years. The person must be seated beside the new driver at all times, with no other front seat occupants.

Teens must hold this permit for at least 9 months and accumulate at least 60 hours (10 nighttime) of parental/guardian certified driving before being eligible for a provisional license.

At 16 and 6 months, teens are eligible for a provisional license, providing they remain conviction-free or do not have a PBJ (probation before judgment) for a moving violation. Provisional license holders may not drive unsupervised during the hours of midnight to 5 a.m unless for school, sports, job or volunteer work. For the first 5 months during this stage, teens are prohibited from transporting passengers under the age of 18 (immediate family exempt and secondarily enforced).

The nighttime driving restriction only applies to provisional license holders under 18.

At 18, teens are eligible for an unrestricted license.

Driver education and certification of practice driving are required of all initial applicants.

State has a system of graduated licensing for teen drivers.

At 16, teens are eligible for a learner’s permit. Permit holders may not drive unsupervised.

At 16 and 6 months, teens who have: (1) held a permit for a period of 6 months; (2) completed an approved driver’s education course; (3) completed 40 or more (30 if an approved drivers education program is completed) additional hours of behind-the-wheel experience driving supervised by a licensed driver age 21 or older; and (4) a clean driving record for a minimum of 6 months are eligible for a junior operator’s/intermediate license.

• Junior operator’s/intermediate license holders are prohibited from driving unsupervised between the hours of 12:30 a.m. and 5 a.m.
• For the first 6 months of the junior operator’s/intermediate license phase, teens may not transport any passengers (other than family members) under the age of 18 unless supervised by a licensed driver age 21 or older.
• A junior operator’s/intermediate license holder who violates the passenger restriction shall be subject to a license suspension of up to 90 days. The 6-month passenger restriction period will stop running when the suspension begins and the remainder of the restriction period will start running again when the suspension is completed.
• Junior operators/intermediate license holders face a license suspension for a 2nd or subsequent offense for speeding or drag racing violations.

At 18, teens who have held a junior operator’s/intermediate license for at least 12 months are eligible for an unrestricted license.

State has a system of graduated licensing for teen drivers.

At 14 and 9 months, teens who have completed the first segment of driver education, including 6 hours of on-the-road driving with an instructor, and pass a vision test and health standards are eligible for a learner’s license/permit. A teen with a learner’s license/permit may drive only when accompanied either by a licensed parent or legal guardian or, with the permission of the parent or legal guardian, a licensed driver 21 years of age or older.

At 16, teens who have (1) held the permit for at least 6 months; (2) accumulated 50 hours (10 at night) of parental/guardian certified driving; (3) completed segment 2 of driver education; (4) no convictions/civil infractions, license suspensions, or crashes during the 90-day period immediately prior to applying for an intermediate license; and (5) passed a road test are eligible for an intermediate license.

Intermediate license holders are prohibited from driving unsupervised between the hours of 10 p.m. and 5 a.m. unless driving to or from employment.   Intermediate license holders may not transport more than 1 non-family passenger under age 21 unless traveling to or from work, school, or a school-sanctioned event.

At 17, teens who have held an intermediate license for at least 6 months and completed 12 consecutive months of driving without a moving violation, an at-fault crash (even if no citation is issued), a license suspension, or a violation of the graduated license restrictions are eligible for an unrestricted license.

Throughout graduated licensing program, parents receive a separate notice of traffic offenses from the Department of State.

State has a system of graduated licensing for teen drivers.

An instruction/learner’s permit can be issued to an applicant who is 15, 16, or 17 years old if that person meets the following requirements: (1) has completed a driver’s education course in another state, has previously been issued a valid license from another state, or is enrolled in either a certified public, private, or commercial driver education program that includes classroom and behind the wheel training; and (2) has completed the classroom phase of instruction in the driver education program and has passed an eye examination, has passed a Department-administered test of the applicant’s knowledge, has completed the required application, and has paid the application fees.

• An applicant who is 15, 16, or 17 years old who is issued an instruction/learner’s permit must keep the permit for 6 months before applying for a provisional driver’s license. This permit enables a person to operate a motor vehicle, but the applicant must be accompanied by a certified driver education instructor, the permit holder’s parent or guardian, or another licensed driver 21 years of age or older. The adult licensed driver must be sitting in the passenger seat next to the permit holder.

Instruction permit holders must accumulate at least 30 hours (10 at night) of parental/guardian certified driving before being eligible for an unrestricted license.

• Provisional license holders may not drive between the hours of midnight and 5 a.m.
• Provisional license holders are allowed no more than 1 passenger under age 20 for first 6 months of licensure and no more than 3 passengers under age 20 for the next 6 months. Family members are exempt.

A person under 18 years of age can only qualify for a driver’s license under 1 of the following conditions: (1) the applicant has a valid license from another state; or (2) the applicant has held a provisional license for 12 consecutive months before the license application and has incurred no conviction for a crash-related moving violation, and not more than 1 conviction for a moving violation that is not crash-related; and the application is approved by a parent or guardian.

State has a system of graduated licensing for teen drivers. At 15, teens are eligible for a learner’s permit.

• Permit holders may not drive unsupervised.

At 16, teens who have held the permit for at least 12 months are eligible for an intermediate license.

• Intermediate license holders are prohibited from driving unsupervised between the hours of 10 p.m. and 6 a.m. Thursday through Sunday nights and 11:30 p.m. and 6 a.m. Friday and Saturday nights. Intermediate licensees must hold their license for 6 months before applying for an unrestricted license.

At 16 and 6 months, teens are eligible for an unrestricted license.

State has a system of graduated licensing for teen drivers that applies to all drivers under age 18.

At 15, teens are eligible for a Class F/Instruction/Learner’s Permit.

• Permit holders may only drive when accompanied by a parent, grandparent, guardian, certified driver trainer, or a driver age 25 or older with written permission from a parent.

To be eligible for an Intermediate License teens must: (1) be at least 16; (2) hold the permit for at least 6 months; (3) accumulate 40 (10 nighttime) hours of certified driving; (4) pass the vision, road sign, written, and driving tests if results are over a year old; (5) not have an alcohol-related offense within the last 12 months; and (6) not have a traffic conviction in last 6 months.

• Intermediate license holders may not drive unsupervised between the hours of 1 a.m. to 5 a.m. (except to and from a school activity, job, or an emergency). For the first 6 months after being issued their intermediate permit, intermediate license holders may only have 1 passenger who is under the age of 19 (family member exempt). After the first 6 months, intermediate license holders may have no more than 3 passengers under the age of 19.

Teen drivers and their passengers are also required to wear seat belts.

To be eligible for a Full License, teens must: (1) be at least 18; (2) pass a vision test; (3) not have had the intermediate license suspended, revoked, or denied; and (4) not have any alcohol related offenses or traffic convictions within the last 12 months.

An applicant cannot receive an Under 21 Full License if his intermediate license is suspended, revoked, or denied when applying for a full driver’s license.

State has a system of graduated licensing for teen drivers.

At age 14 and 6 months, a teen may apply for a learner’s permit and must hold it for at least 6 months and complete 50 hours (10 nighttime) of certified driving.

At age 15, a teen may apply for an intermediate license and is restricted from transporting more than 1 unrelated passenger under age 18 for the first 6 months and more than 3 unrelated passengers under age 18 for the second 6 months. Teens are prohibited from operating a vehicle from 11 p.m. to 5 a.m.

A full unrestricted license is issued at age 16.

State has a system of graduated licensing for teen drivers.

Teens who are at least 14 years of age, but younger than 16, may apply for a School Learner’s Permit (LPE). An LPE is issued for the purpose of allowing a student to legally practice driving for a School Permit. A written test must be passed to obtain an LPE. LPE holders must be accompanied by a licensed driver who is at least 21 years old.

A School Permit (SCP) can be issued to a teen driver who lives a distance of 1.5 miles or more from the school he or she attends and either resides outside a city of 5,000 or more or attends a school located outside a city of 5,000 or more. Applicant must hold LPE or LPD for two months prior to applying for a SCP and complete a DMV approved driver safety course and pass a written and driving test given by the driver safety course instructor, or complete 50 hours (10 hours at night) of certified driving time and pass the drive test administered by a driver license examiner. The written test will be waived if the LPE or LPD is valid or has been expired for no more than one year.

• The teen must be at least 14 years and 2 months old, but younger than 16 years and 3 months. A person holding an SCP may operate a motor vehicle unsupervised between school and home or at any time when accompanied by a licensed driver who is at least 21 years old.
• All persons being transported in a motor vehicle operated by a holder of a SCP are required to ride secured in an occupant protection system.

Learner’s Permits (LPD) may be issued at age 15. A written test must be passed to obtain an LPD. LPD holders must be accompanied by a licensed driver who is at least 21 years old. An LPD is valid for 1 year.

Provisional Operator’s Permit (POP) – Teens may apply for a POP on their 16th birthday. A LPE, SCP or LPD must be held for at least 6 months before applying for a provisional permit. The applicant must complete a DMV approved driver safety course and pass a written and driving test given by the driver safety course instructor, or complete 50 hours (10 hours at night) of certified driving time and pass a drive test administered by a driver license examiner. The written test will be waived if the LPE, SCP or LPD is valid or has been expired for no more than one year.

• Provisional license holders may not drive between midnight and 6 a.m. unless they are driving to or from home, work or a school activity. During the first 6 months of POP, the holder can only operate a motor vehicle with no more than 1 passenger who is not an immediate family member and who is under 19 years of age.
• All persons being transported in a motor vehicle operated by a holder of a POP are required to ride secured in an occupant protection system.

Pop holders are eligible for an unrestricted license after holding the POP for 12 months as long as they have not accumulated 3 or more points on their driving record.

State has a system of graduated licensing for teen drivers. At 15 1/2 teens are eligible for a learner’s permit. During this stage teens must be supervised by a driver at least 21 years old.

Teens must hold the permit for at least 6 months, complete an approved driver education course and certify that they’ve received 50 hours (10 at night) of supervised driving practice before being eligible for an intermediate license.

Teens are eligible for an intermediate license at 16. Intermediate license holders are prohibited from driving unsupervised from 10 p.m. to 5 a.m. For the first 6 months, intermediate license holders are also prohibited from transporting any passengers under age 18, family members excepted.

Teens are eligible for an unrestricted license at 18.

State has a system of graduated licensing for teen drivers.

• At age 15 years 6 months, teens are eligible for a learner’s permit. Teens may practice driving if accompanied in the front seat by a parent, legal guardian, or other licensed adult who is 25 years of age or older.

At age 16, teens who have successfully completed driver education are eligible for a Youth Operator’s License.

• The Youth Operator’s License shall expire on the holder’s 21st birthday. If the holder of a Youth Operator’s License is convicted of certain offenses, the license shall expire 1 year after the date of the holder’s last conviction.
• For the first 6 months following issuance the youth operator may have no more than 1 passenger (other than family members) under 25 in the vehicle.
• The youth operator shall not operate a motor vehicle between 1 a.m. and 4 a.m.
• No holder of a Youth Operator’s License shall operate a motor vehicle when the number of occupants exceeds the number of passenger restraints in the vehicle.

Youth operator must accumulate 40 hours of supervised driving with 10 hours at night in order to be eligible for a full license.

State has a system of graduated licensing for teen drivers.

At 16, upon successful completion of driver education, a teen is eligible for a special learner’s permit.

• Permit holders may not drive unsupervised. Teens must hold the permit for at least 6 months and pass a road test to be eligible for an intermediate/probationary license.

Teens may apply for an intermediate license at 17.

• A driver holding an intermediate/probationary license must display state-provided removable, transferable, highly visible, reflective decals indicating that the driver of the vehicle may be the holder of an intermediate license.
• Intermediate license holders may not drive unsupervised between 11 p.m. and 5 a.m. and may not have more than 1 passenger unless supervised by a driver at least 21 years old (family members are exempted).
• Teens must hold the intermediate license for at least 6 months.

At 18, teens are eligible for an unrestricted license.

Permit and intermediate license holders and their passengers must always wear safety belts.

New Jersey has graduated licensing for adults as well. Persons 21 and older must hold permit for at least 3 months. The night and passenger restrictions in the intermediate license are waived for drivers 21 and older.

State has a system of graduated licensing for teen drivers.

At 15, teens who have completed or are attending a driver education course are eligible for an instructional/learner’s permit.

• Permit holders may only drive when supervised.

At 15 and 6 months, teens who have completed a driver education course, held an instruction permit for at least 6 months, and accumulated at least 50 hours (10 at night) of parental/guardian supervised driving, are eligible for a provisional license.

• Provisional license holders may not operate a motor vehicle upon public highways between the hours of midnight and 5 a.m., unless accompanied by a licensed adult, or when traveling to or from work or a school function. Provisional license holders are also prohibited from transporting more than 1 passenger younger than 21 (except family).

A full driver’s license may be issued to any person 16 years and 6 months of age who has successfully held a provisional license for at least 12 months.

State has graduated licensing for teen drivers.

Learner’s Permit: The holder must be at least 16 years of age and must pass the vision screening and knowledge tests. The holder may only operate a vehicle between the hours of 5 a.m. and 9 p.m., when under the immediate supervision of a person who is at least 21 years old and who holds a license valid in New York for the type of vehicle being operated. From 9 p.m. until 5 a.m. the holder of a permit must be accompanied by a licensed parent, guardian, or driver’s education teacher. However, no learner’s permit holder may operate a vehicle within the city of New York unless it is between 5 a.m. and 9 p.m. and the permit holder is accompanied by a driver’s education teacher in a vehicle equipped with dual controls. A learner’s permit holder may only operate a vehicle in Nassau and Suffolk counties between the hours of 5 a.m. and 9 p.m. and when accompanied by a licensed parent, guardian, or driver’s education teacher. Front seat occupants are limited to the supervising driver and all occupants must wear safety belts. Permit holder may not operate with more than 1 unrelated passenger under 21, and must have held a learner’s permit for 6 months while accumulating 50 hours (15 at night) of driving practice with a licensed parent, guardian, driving school instructor, and/or driver education teacher.

Class DJ: The holder must be at least 16 years of age. The holder may operate only vehicles which may be operated with a Class D license, except that it shall not be valid to operate a motor vehicle with an unladen weight or a gross vehicle weight rating (GVWR) of not more than 10,000 lbs. or any motor vehicle towing another vehicle with an unladen weight or GVWR of more than 3,000 lbs. The holder may operate a vehicle alone from 5 a.m. to 9 p.m. or from 9 p.m. to 5 a.m. only when driving to or from school, or to or from a place of business where the holder is employed, or when accompanied by a parent or guardian. The holders of the DJ license may not drive in the city of New York. In Nassau and Suffolk DJ license holders may only drive from 5 a.m. to 9 p.m. when accompanied unless driving to or from work, school, driver ed., or while engaged in farming. All vehicle occupants must be restrained and occupants are limited to 1 unrelated passenger under 21 unless they are a family member.

Limited class DJ or MJ License: Residents of Nassau, Suffolk, the City of New York, Westchester, Putnam, and Rockland Counties are not eligible to receive such license. Elsewhere in the state, such license can be obtained if a road test is successfully completed within the first 6 months of the validity of a learner’s permit. Holders of such license cannot operate a vehicle in the above referenced counties without being accompanied by a licensed parent or guardian. License is valid only en route to and from the holder’s place of employment, and/or to and from a class or course, a medical exam or treatment for the holder or a member of his or her household, a daycare facility, or when accompanied by a licensed parent or guardian. Limited Class License automatically becomes a class DJ or MJ license after such license singly or in combination with the class DJ or Class MJ learner’s permit has been valid for 6 months.

Intermediate licensees may apply for a Class D license at age 17 if they have completed driver education.  If not, the intermediate license automatically becomes a Class D license when the holder turns 18.

State has a system of graduated licensing for teen drivers. At 15, teens who have passed driver education, a written test, and have a driving eligibility certificate are eligible for a learner’s permit.

• Permit holders may not drive unsupervised.
• For the 1st 6 months, the permit holder may only drive between the hours of 5 a.m. and 9 p.m. Every person riding in the vehicle operated by a permit holder must either be wearing a properly fastened safety belt or be safely restrained in a child passenger restraint system.

At 16, teens may obtain a limited provisional license if they have held a learner’s permit for at least 12 months, have completed 60 hours of practice driving (including 10 hours at night), have not been convicted of a moving violation or seat belt infraction during the preceding 6 months, have passed a road test administered by the DMV, and have a driving eligibility certificate or high school diploma. Provisional license holders may drive unsupervised between 5 a.m. and 9 p.m. or at any time when driving directly to or from work or as a member of a volunteer fire, rescue or emergency medical service.

• At all other times, teens must be supervised by a parent, guardian, grandparent, or a person approved by any of them, who has been licensed for at least 5 years.
• Provisional license holders are restricted from transporting more than 1 passenger under 21 unless accompanied by a supervising driver (family exempted). However, provisional license holders transporting family members under 21 may not transport any other passengers under 21 unless supervised. Every person riding in the vehicle operated by a provisional license holder must either be wearing a properly fastened safety belt or be safely restrained in a child passenger restraint system.

At 16 years and 6 months, teens are eligible for an unrestricted license if they have: (1) held a provisional license for at least 6 months; (2) not been convicted of a moving violation or seat belt infraction during the preceding 6 months; (3) have completed 12 hours of practice driving (including 6 at night); and (4) have a driver eligibility certificate.

State has a system of graduated licensing for teen drivers. At 14, teens are eligible for an instruction/learner’s permit. Teens must hold the permit for at least 6 months. Teens age 14 must hold the permit for at least 12 months and teens age 15 must hold the permit until age 16 or a minimum of six months, whichever is longer.

Permit holders may only drive when accompanied by a licensed driver who is at least 18 years of age and has had at least 3 years of driving experience and is occupying a seat beside the driver.

Teens under age 16 may not driver between 9 p.m. (or sunset, whichever comes later) and 5 a.m., unless driving to or from home and a school, work or religious activity.

Minimum age for an unrestricted license is age 16 and teens must accumulate 50 hours of supervised practice driving before applying for an unrestricted license.

State has a system of graduated licensing for teen drivers.

At 15 and 6 months, teens are eligible for a learner’s permit. Teens operating with a permit may not drive unsupervised and must accumulate at least 50 (10 at night) hours of parental/guardian certified driving. Teens with learner’s permits may not drive between midnight and 6 a.m. unless supervised by a parent or guardian.

At 16, teens who have completed the learner’s permit phase and a driver training course are eligible for a probationary license. Probationary license holders under age 17 may not drive between midnight and 6 a.m. unless traveling to or from work, school or school functions; or have more than 1 non-family member as a passenger unless they are accompanied by a parent or guardian.

Teens age 17 and older with a probationary license may not drive unsupervised between 1 a.m. and 5 a.m. unless traveling to or from work or school functions.

At 18, teens who have completed the probationary license stage and remained traffic and alcohol violation-free for at least 12 months are eligible for an unrestricted license.

State has a system of graduated licensing for teen drivers.

To be eligible for a permit teens must be 15 ½ and complete or be receiving instruction in driver education or be taking a parent-taught driver education course certified by the Department of Public Safety. Effective November 1, 2012, the written test for a permit may be waived if the teen has completed driver education. Teens who do not take driver’s education must wait until age 16 to receive a learner’s permit.

• Teens must hold the permit for 6 months and certify that they have received 50 hours (10 at night) of practice driving. They may only practice between 5 a.m. and 10 p.m. Permit holders must be supervised at all times by a licensed driver at least 21.

At 16, teens are eligible for an intermediate license. Intermediate license holders may not drive unsupervised between the hours of 10 p.m. and 5 a.m. Intermediate license holders are also prohibited from transporting more than 1 passenger unless supervised (family members, guardians, and licensed drivers over 21 are exempted).

Teens who complete an approved driver education course must hold the intermediate license for at least 6 months and are eligible for an unrestricted license at 16 1/2. Teens who don’t complete an approved driver education course must hold the intermediate license for 1 year before being eligible for an unrestricted license.

A restricted commercial license will be issued to any person at least 18 years of age who has passed all portions of the commercial driver license examination other than the driving test. The licensee may drive a commercial vehicle only when accompanied by a licensed commercial driver who is at least 21 years of age.

State has a system of graduated drivers licensing for teen drivers. At 15, teens are eligible for an instruction/learner’s permit.

• Permit holders may only drive when accompanied by a licensed person who is at least 21 years old and who is occupying the front passenger seat.
• Teens must hold the permit for at least 6 months and accumulate at least 50 hours (100 if teen doesn’t take driver education) of certified driving under the supervision of a person who is at least 21 years old who has had a license for at least 3 years driving before being eligible for a provisional/intermediate license.

At 16, teens are eligible for a provisional/intermediate license.

• The holder of a provisional/intermediate license may not, for the first 6 months after issuance of the license, operate a vehicle that is carrying a passenger under 20 years of age who is not a member of the licensee’s immediate family.
• For the second 6 months, the licensee may not operate a motor vehicle that is carrying more than 3 passengers who are under 20 years of age and who are not members of the licensee’s immediate family.
• For the first year of the intermediate license, the teens may not drive between midnight and 5 a.m. unless driving to and from home and work, to and from home and school, or when accompanied by a licensed driver who is at least 25 years of age.

At 18, teens are eligible for an unrestricted license.

State has a system of graduated licensing for teen drivers. At 16, teens are eligible for a learner’s permit.

• A learner’s permit holder can drive the class of vehicle the permit allows him or her to drive under the direct supervision of a person who meets the following conditions: (1) is at least 21 years of age or, if a spouse of the permit holder, is at least 18 years of age; (2) is licensed in Pennsylvania to drive a vehicle of the class being driven by the holder of the learner’s permit; and (3) is seated beside the holder of the learner’s permit unless the vehicle is a motorcycle.

A junior driver’s license can be issued to a person 16 or 17 years of age if the person has held a learner’s permit for that class of vehicle for 6 months, presents a certification form signed by the parent, guardian, or spouse of the minor stating that the minor has completed 65 hours, including 10 hours at night and 5 hours of inclement weather, of practical accompanied driving experience and has passed the driving test.

Junior driver’s license holders may not drive unsupervised between the hours of 11 p.m. and 5 a.m. During the first 6 months of holding a junior driver’s license, a teen may not drive with more than 1 unrelated passenger under age 18, unless accompanied by a parent or guardian. After the first 6 months, if crash and conviction free, teens may drive with no more than 3 unrelated passengers under 18, unless accompanied by a parent or guardian.

A full driver’s license can be issued to a person 17 1/2 years of age who has successfully completed the following: (1) a driver education course approved by the Department; and (2) for a period of 12 months after receiving a junior driver’s license was not the cause of a reportable accident, and has not been convicted of any driving violations.

State has a system of graduated licensing for teen drivers. At 16, teens who have completed a driver training course and passed a standardized written examination are eligible for an instruction/learner’s permit.

• Permit holders must always be in the company of a supervising driver who must sit in the front seat. Permit holders and their passengers must be properly restrained.
• Permit holders must complete 50 hours of supervised driving, including 10 hours during the nighttime.

At 16 and 6 months, teens who have: (1) held a permit for at least 6 months; (2) passed a road test; and (3) not been convicted of a moving or seat belt violation in the preceding 6 months are eligible for a limited provisional/intermediate license.

• Limited provisional/intermediate license holders are prohibited from driving unsupervised between the hours of 1 a.m. and 5 a.m.
• Limited provisional/intermediate license holders and their passengers must be properly restrained.
• Teens are prohibited from transporting more than 1 passenger under the age of 21 within the first year of provisional licensure (family members exempt).

Teens who have held the limited provisional/intermediate license for at least 12 months and have been moving and seat belt violation free during the preceding 6 months are eligible for a full operator’s license—minimum age 17 years and 6 months.

Driver education is required of all license applicants under 18.

State has a system of graduated licensing for teen-drivers.

At 15, teens are eligible for a beginner’s permit. Beginner’s permit holders may drive from 6 a.m. to midnight if a licensed driver who is at least 21 years old and has at least 1 year of driving experience accompanies the driver in the front seat. Beginner’s permit holders may drive from midnight to 6 a.m. if a licensed parent or guardian accompanies him or her in the front seat.

At 15 and 6 months, beginner’s permit holders who have passed a certified driver’s education course, successfully passed a road test, acquired 40 hours (10 hours at night) of supervised driving and have satisfied the school attendance requirement are eligible for a conditional/restricted license.

Restricted license holders may drive alone during daylight hours from 6 a.m. until 6 p.m. (or 8 p.m. during daylight savings time). From 6 p.m. (or 8 p.m. during daylight savings time) until midnight, the restricted license holder must be accompanied by a licensed driver who is at least 21 years of age. Between midnight and 6 a.m., restricted license holders may drive if a licensed parent or legal guardian accompanies them.

• Intermediate license holders may not transport more than 2 passengers under the age of 21 unless they are accompanied by a licensed adult who is at least 21 years old. Family members and fellow students being transported to and from school are exempt.

At age 17, teens are eligible for a full license. Teens applying for a full unrestricted license must have held an restricted license for 1 year and have no traffic offenses or have ever been involved in any at-fault accidents.

A person 17 years old who has held a beginner’s permit for 180 days is eligible for an unrestricted license.

State has a system of graduated drivers licensing for teen drivers.

At 14, teens are eligible for an instruction/learner’s permit. From 6 a.m. to 10 p.m. the permit holder must be accompanied by a person holding a valid operator’s license who is at least 18 years of age, that has at least 1 year of driving experience, and who is occupying the front seat beside the applicant. From 10 p.m. to 6 a.m. a parent/legal guardian must accompany the permit holder.

At 14 years and 6 months (14 years and 3 months with approved driver education) teens who have: (1) held the permit for at least 6 months (3 months if successfully completed an approved driver education course); (2) passed all applicable tests; and (3) not been convicted of a traffic violation during the past 6 months are eligible for a restricted minor’s permit/intermediate license.

• A restricted minor’s permit/intermediate license holder is prohibited from driving unsupervised between the hours of 10 p.m. and 6 a.m.

At 16, teens who have not been convicted of a traffic violation during the 6 months prior to application are eligible for an unrestricted license, once they have completed the instruction permit requirements.

State has a system of graduated licensing for teen drivers.

At 15, teens are eligible for a learner’s permit. A teen with a learner’s permit is prohibited from using a cell phone while driving.

• A permit holder may only drive when supervised and may not drive between 10 p.m. to 6 a.m.

At 16, teens who have: (1) held a permit for 6 months; (2) accumulated 50 hours (10 at night) of parental/guardian supervised driving; and (3) not accumulated 6 or more points on the permit, are eligible for an intermediate license.

• Teens who move to Tennessee are eligible for an intermediate license if they have held a valid learner’s permit for at least 6 months in another state.
• A person who has been issued an intermediate driver’s license may not operate a motor vehicle between the hours of 11 p.m. and 6 a.m. unless accompanied by a parent or legal guardian or by a licensed driver who is at least 21 and has been designated by the person’s parent or guardian.
• A person issued an intermediate driver’s license may not operate a motor vehicle with more than 1 passenger unless: 1 or more passengers are 21 or older and possesses a valid unrestricted license; or the additional passengers are siblings of the driver.

At 17, teens who have held an intermediate license for at least a year, have maintained a safe driving record with no less than 6 points, and have not contributed to an accident are eligible for an unrestricted license.

Safety belt use is mandatory for all GDL license holders and passengers 4 to 17.

State has a system of graduated driver licensing for teen drivers.

At 15, a teen who is enrolled in driver education and has passed vision, sign recognition, and knowledge tests is eligible for a learner’s permit.

• A permit holder may only operate a vehicle when supervised by a person occupying the seat next to the operator who holds a license that qualifies the operator to operate that type of vehicle, is 21 years old, and has at least 1 year of driving experience.

At 16, teens who have held a learner’s permit for at least 6 months and have accumulated 20 hours (with 10 hours at night) of behind the wheel practice, supervised by an adult over the age of 21, are eligible for an intermediate license.

• Intermediate license holders may not drive unsupervised between the hours of midnight and 5 a.m., may not transport more than 1 passenger under age 21 (except family) and are prohibited from using a cell phone.

At 17 years, teens who have successfully completed the intermediate license phase are eligible for an unrestricted license.

State has a system of graduated licensing for teen drivers.

• At 15 years, teens are eligible for a learner’s permit. The teen and a parent or legal guardian must obtain the permit from the DLD. The applicant must pass the knowledge, physical and mental fitness test and pay the learner’s permit fee of $15.
• The applicant with a learner’s permit may operate a motor vehicle if: a person who is 21 years of age or older and is a licensed driver is occupying the seat next to the applicant and the applicant is 18 years of age or older; or a person who is an approved driving instructor, the applicant’s parent or legal guardian, or a responsible adult who is willing to assume liability for the minor is occupying the seat next to the applicant and the applicant is younger than 18 years of age.
• The applicant that has been issued a learner’s permit may obtain an original or provisional Class D license upon completing a driver education program, passing the skills test required by the division, reaching 16 years of age, and paying the fee for an original or provisional Class D license application. A person 17 years of age or younger shall hold a learner’s permit for 6 months before applying for a provisional Class D license.
• Driver’s education students must complete at least 6 hours of behind-the-wheel driving using a dual-control motor vehicle with a certified driving instructor seated next to the student.
• Teens must also accumulate at least 40 (10 at night) hours of parental supervised driving before being eligible for a Class D/Intermediate license.

At 16, teens are eligible for a Class D/Intermediate license. For the first 6 months, Class D/Intermediate license holders may not transport any passenger under 21 who is not an immediate family member unless accompanied by a licensed driver at least 21 years of age.

• The holder of a Class D/Intermediate license who is under the age of 17 may not operate a motor vehicle upon any highway between the hours of midnight and 5 a.m. unless accompanied by a licensed driver at least 21 years of age, or to and from the driver’s place of employment and their place of residence. If a teen is returning to school in a school bus from a school sponsored event and arrives at the school after midnight, the teen may drive directly home from the school building.

At 17, teens are eligible for an unrestricted license.

State has a system of graduated licensing for teen drivers. At 15, teens are eligible for a learner’s permit.

• Permit holders must also accumulate at least 40 hours (10 at night) of driving supervised by a parental, guardian, driver education instructor, or adult age 25 or older.

At 16, teens who have held the permit for at least 1 year and have been conviction free for at least 6 months are eligible for a junior/intermediate license.

• For the first 3 months of the junior/intermediate license, teens may not transport any passengers unless supervised (see requirements in permit stage above). During the second 3 months, teens may not transport any passengers except siblings unless supervised.

At age 16½, passenger restrictions end. At 18, teens are eligible for a full license if they have been suspension-free for at least 6 months.

Driver education is required for all license applicants under 18.

State has a system of graduated licensing for teen drivers. At 15 years and 6 months, teens are eligible for a learner’s permit.

• Teens must hold the permit for at least 9 months (minimum age — 16 years and 3 months) and accumulate at least 45 (15 at night) hours of parental/guardian supervised driving before being eligible for an intermediate license.

Provisional license holders may not drive unsupervised between the hours of midnight and 4 a.m.

• Provisional license holders under 18 are prohibited from transporting more than 1 passenger under 18 for the first year they hold their license. After the first year, provisional license holders are prohibited from transporting more than 3 passengers under 18 until they reach age 18. (Effective July 1, 2013, teens under 18 may not drive with more than 1 passenger under 21 for the 1st year; after the first year, teens under 18 may transport up to 3 passengers under age 21, unless driving to and from a school activity or accompanied by a passenger age 21 or older.)  Family members are exempted from all passenger restrictions.

At 18, teens are eligible for an unrestricted license.

Washington State has a system of graduated licensing for teen drivers. A person is eligible for a permit at 15 years of age if the person is enrolled in an accredited traffic safety education program. At 15 1/2, teens who are not yet enrolled in driver’s education are eligible for a learner’s/instruction permit.

• A person holding a permit may drive a motor vehicle, other than a motorcycle, on the public highways if an approved instructor or a licensed driver with at least 5 years of experience occupies the seat beside the driver.

At 16, teens who have held a permit for at least 6 months are eligible for an intermediate license. Teens must also pass a driving skills examination and an accredited traffic safety education program to receive an intermediate license.

• Parents, guardians, or employers must certify that intermediate license applicants have at least 50 hours of driving experience (10 at night) with someone at least 21 years old who has had a valid driver’s license for at least 5 years.
• Intermediate license applicants must not have been adjudicated for an offense involving the use of drugs or alcohol during the period the applicant held a permit.
• For the first 6 months, the intermediate license holder may not operate a motor vehicle that is carrying any passengers under the age of 20 who are not members of the licensee’s immediate family.
• For the next 6 months, the licensee may not operate a motor vehicle that is carrying more than 3 passengers who are under the age of 20 and who are not members of the licensee’s immediate family.
• Intermediate license holders are also prohibited from driving unsupervised between the hours of 1 a.m. and 5 a.m. except when accompanied by a parent, guardian, or a licensed driver who is at least 25 years of age.
• An intermediate licensee may drive at any hour with any number of passengers in the vehicle if, for the 12-month period following the issuance of the intermediate license, the licensee has not been involved in a crash and has not been convicted of or found to have committed a traffic offense.
• After 1 year of driving without collisions or traffic citations, teens are allowed to drive without limitation as to the time of day or the age and number of passengers.

At age 18 the intermediate license automatically becomes a regular license.

State has a system of graduated licensing for teen drivers.

At 15, teens are eligible for an instruction learner’s permit.

• An applicant for permit must pass a vision and written test administered by the DMV.
• A permit allows a person to operate a motor vehicle when accompanied by a licensed driver who is occupying a seat beside the driver. The other driver must be at least 21 years of age, or be a driver education or driving school instructor acting in an official capacity.
• Permit holders under 18 may not drive between 10 p.m. and 5 a.m. and may not carry more than 2 passengers in addition to the supervisory driver.

At 16, teens are eligible for an intermediate license.

• To receive an intermediate license, applicants must: (1) pass a road test; (2) have held a learner’s permit for 6 months; (3) must not have received infractions for 6 months preceding the date of application for an intermediate license; and (4) must complete 50 hours (including 10 hours at night) of certified practice driving, as recorded on a certification form completed by a parent or legal guardian.
• If a driver with an intermediate license receives 2 or more moving violations, the license will be suspended until the person’s 18th birthday.
• Intermediate license holders may drive a vehicle without a supervising adult between 5 a.m. and 10 p.m. or with a licensed individual over 21 years of age in the front seat at any time.
• Intermediate license holders are prohibited from transporting passengers under the age of 20 during the first 6 months. During the second 6 months, no more than 1 passenger under 20, except family members.

At 17, teens are eligible for an unrestricted license. Teens must have an intermediate license and have been infraction-free for 1 year before receiving an unrestricted license.

State has a system of graduated licensing for teen drivers. Instruction/learner’s permits are issued to persons at least 15 years and 6 months of age who have passed the appropriate knowledge test. During this stage, teens may drive only when supervised by a parent or guardian or a person meeting the requirements of those permitted to travel with the holder of an instruction permit.

• Teens must hold this permit for at least 6 months and accumulate at least 30 hours (10 at night) of parent/guardian supervised driving.
• Permittees may not operate a motor vehicle during the hours of darkness unless accompanied by a qualified instructor or licensed person who is 25 years of age or more, has at least 2 years of licensed driving experience, and is occupying the front passenger seat.

At 16, upon successful completion of the permit stage, teens are eligible for an intermediate license. Intermediate license holders may not drive unsupervised between the hours of midnight and 5 a.m. and may not transport more than 1 passenger (family members exempted). The intermediate license stage lasts for 9 months.

Enrollment in driver education is required for Wisconsin permit applicants younger than 18. Driver education is required for license applicants younger than 18.

At age 19 teens are eligible for a full unrestricted license.

State has a system of graduated licensing for teen drivers.

At age 15, a teen may apply for a permit and must hold it for at least 10 days and complete 50 hours (10 nighttime) of certified driving.

At age 16, a teen may apply for an intermediate license and is restricted from transporting more than 1 person under the age of 18 (family is excluded) and from operating a vehicle from 11 p.m. to 5 a.m.

A full unrestricted license is issued at age 16 and 6 months (with driver’s education) or age 17 (without driver’s education).

Puerto Rico does not have a system of graduated licensing for teen drivers.

Alberta has a system of graduated licensing for new drivers. The program consists of 2 stages: learner and probationary. A minimum of 3 years is necessary to complete both stages; 4 years is required if the individual applies for a learner’s license at 14 years of age.

Licensees must hold a learner’s license (class 7) for at least 1 year and may drive only when accompanied by a fully licensed (non-GDL probationary) driver who is 18 years of age or older, and who is seated next to the driver.

Learner’s licenses (class 7) are issued to persons 14 years of age or older who pass a vision test and a written knowledge test on the rules of the road. Parental consent is required for persons under 18 years of age.

To obtain a probationary license, the driver must be 16 years of age or older and pass the standard Alberta road test. Learners licensees are not permitted to drive from the hours of midnight to 5 a.m.  Both learners and probationary licensees must have no more passengers than available seat belts, and have a zero alcohol level at all times while operating a motor vehicle. Fewer demerit points are allowed than for fully licensed drivers. Drivers cannot upgrade to a commercial license while under probation and cannot serve as an accompanying driver to a learner licensee.

To become a fully licensed driver (class 5), the individual must be suspension free for the last year of the 2-year probationary stage and pass an advanced road test. The minimum age for a full unrestricted license is 18.

BC’s Graduated Licensing Program applies to new drivers of any age. At 16, teens are eligible for a Learner’s License.

The Learner’s License includes the following conditions/restrictions: must be accompanied by a qualified supervisor (at least 25 years of age who holds a valid full-privilege driver’s license); the supervisor must sit beside the learner; a Learner Driver (L) sign must be displayed in the back windshield or on the rear of the vehicle; the learner must not drive after consuming any amount of alcohol (zero BAC); only 2 passengers may be in the vehicle – the supervisor and 1 additional passenger; the learner may only drive between 5 a.m. and midnight.

After holding the Learner’s License for at least 12 months (9 with approved driver education), the learner is eligible to take a road test to graduate to the Novice stage.

The Novice stage includes the following conditions/restrictions: a Novice Driver (N) sign supplied by ICBC must be displayed in the back windshield or on the rear of the vehicle; the novice must have a zero BAC; must not carry more than 1 passenger other than immediate family members unless accompanied by a qualified supervisor at least 25 years of age who holds a valid full-privilege driver’s license.

After holding the Novice License for at least 24 consecutive months (18 months with approved driver education) without a citation, the driver is eligible to take a Class 5 or 6 road test to graduate to a full-privilege license.

Manitoba has a graduated licensing program for novice drivers. At 15 1/2, teens enrolled in a high school driver education course with at least 8 completed hours of classroom instruction are eligible for a learner’s permit.

A learner’s permit authorizes a person to drive a motor vehicle, except for a motorcycle, when accompanied and supervised by a person who: (1) holds a valid license for the type of vehicle being operated; (2) has held the license for a period of at least 3 years; (3) occupies the seat nearest the driver; and (4) is conscious and in a condition to assume responsibility of vehicle operation.

Novice drivers must hold the learner’s license for at least 9 months before being eligible for an intermediate license.

Intermediate license holders may not drive between midnight and 5 a.m. or with more than 1 passenger unless there is a qualified supervising driver in the front seat. They may also drive with no more additional passengers than the number of functioning seat belts in the back seat.

Drivers must complete 15 months in the intermediate stage before graduating to the full license stage.

Drivers in the full stage must continue to maintain a zero blood alcohol content, while driving, for the first 36 months.

The minimum age for an unrestricted license is 17 years and 6 months.

New Brunswick has a system of graduated licensing for teen drivers.

A stage 1 learner’s license may be obtained if a person is at least 16 years of age, has successfully passed a visual test and a road traffic knowledge examination, and pays all required fees.

A stage 1 learner’s license authorizes a driver to operate a vehicle if accompanied and supervised by a licensed driver who holds a valid license for the type of vehicle operated, other than a learner’s license with at least 3 years of driving experience. The passenger must occupy the seat beside the driver or if there is no seat beside the driver, a seat inside the motor vehicle. Stage 1 learner’s license holders are not permitted to drive between midnight and 5 a.m.

A driver is qualified to hold a stage 2 driver’s license when the driver has: (1) held a stage 1 learner’s license without interruption for the preceding 8 or more calendar months, has successfully passed a licensed driver training course during the previous 2 years, and has passed the required road test; or (2) held a stage 1 learner’s license without interruption for the preceding 12 or more calendar months and has passed the required road test.

Teens are eligible for a stage 2 license at 16 years and 8 months. For the first 12 months of licensure, stage 2 license holders under age 21 are prohibited from driving between midnight and 5 a.m. and are not permitted to carry more than 3 passengers, with only 1 in the front seat.

After 12 months of stage 2 licensure, drivers can apply for a full Class 5 license.

Newfoundland and Labrador has some form of graduated licensing for teen drivers. At 16, teens are eligible for a Class 5, Level 1 Permit.

During the learner’s stage: (1) teens may only drive when supervised by a licensed driver with at least 4 years of experience; (2) teens may not transport any passengers, except accompanying driver or licensed instructor; (3) teens may not drive between midnight and 5 a.m.; and, (4) teens must drive with a Novice Driver Sign on the rear of the vehicle with 5 cm (2 inches) black on white lettering.

Teens must hold the Class 5 Level I license for a minimum of 12 months if an approved driver education program is completed, the time requirement is reduced to 8 months. Teens must also pass a road test before progressing to the next stage.

After successful completion of the Class 5, Level I license teens (17 or 16 and 8 months) are eligible for a Class 5, Level II license permit.

During the intermediate stage, the number of passengers must be restricted to the number of seat belts in the car. Teens may only drive between midnight and 5 a.m. if a licensed driver with at least 4 years of driving experience accompanies them or if the permit holder works and can provide the police with proof of his or her working

Novice drivers must have a zero blood alcohol concentration.

Teens must hold the Class 5, Level II permit for 12 months without suspension before being eligible for an unrestricted license (minimum age 17 and 8 months).

The Northwest Territories has a system of graduated licensing for new drivers. A drivers license (Class 7) can be obtained at age 15 and must be held for a minimum of 12 months suspension free. A probationary driver’s license (Class 5P) can be obtained upon successful completion of the Learner’s stage, and must be held for a minimum of 12 months suspension-free. An unrestricted license can be obtained at 17 at the earliest.

Nova Scotia has a system of graduated licensing for newly licensed drivers.

A person must be 16 to obtain a learner’s permit. This permit must be held for 12 months unless a driver education course is taken; then it must only be held for 9 months.

Learner’s permit holders are not permitted to have passengers, except an experienced driver who holds at least a Class 5 license. Suspensions will delay graduation to the newly licensed driver stage by the minimum time requirement.

Once a road test has been successfully completed, the learner enters the newly licensed stage for a minimum of 2 years.

Conditions of the newly licensed stage are no more than 1 front-seat passenger unless accompanied by an experienced driver, no upgrade beyond a Class 5 driver’s license, and no driving between midnight and 5 a.m., unless accompanied by an experienced driver.

A newly licensed driver may apply for an exemption from the nighttime driving curfew for employment purposes. The driver must take the most direct route to and from work, and is not permitted to have any passengers in the vehicle.

To graduate from the newly licensed stage, the driver must successfully complete a 6-hour defensive driving course, or complete the full driver training course which consists of 25 hours of theory and 8 hours of driving time. A copy of the applicant’s graduation certificate must be provided, in person or by mail, to any Registrar of Motor Vehicles office for recording purposes. An unrestricted license can be obtained at 18 years and 3 months.

Class 7 learner’s permit issued at age 15; full license at 16.

A person learning to operate a motor vehicle must be accompanied by a person who holds a valid class of driver’s license that authorizes the operation of that type of vehicle and, where that license is Class 1, 2, 3 or 4, has a minimum of three years experience operating that type of vehicle; or (b) where that license is Class 5, has a minimum of two years experience operating that type of vehicle.

Residents of the Territory much apply for a Nunavut driver’s license after 90 days of living in the Territory. The applicants must surrender his or her driver’s license from the other jurisdiction.

The driver’s license must be carried at all times when operating a vehicle.

Ontario has a form of graduated licensing for all drivers. At 16, teens are eligible for G1 license. Two-step licensing program takes 20 months to complete.

G1 license holders must: (1) be accompanied by a fully licensed driver who has at least 4 years driving experience and a BAC of less than .05%; (2) ensure the accompanying driver is the only other person in the front seat; (3) ensure the number of passengers in the vehicle is limited to the number of working seat belts; (4) refrain from driving on “400-series” highways or high speed expressways; and (5) refrain from driving between midnight and 5 a.m. A new driver must hold a G1 license for a minimum of 12 months before attempting a G1 road test. This time can be reduced to 8 months if the licensee successfully completes an approved driver education course.

A G2 licensee may drive on any highway but must  ensure that the number of passengers in the vehicle are limited to the number of working seat belts.

A G2 driver must hold a G2 license for a minimum of 12 months before taking the G2 road test. The minimum age for an unrestricted license is 16 years and 8 months.

If the G2 novice driver has held the license for less than 6 months, he or she may not have more than 1 passenger in the motor vehicle who is under age 20 between midnight and 5 a.m., unless the passengers are immediate family members.

After holding the G2 license for 6 months, the novice driver may drive with up to 3 passengers in the motor vehicle who are under age 20 (family members exempt) between midnight and 5 a.m. These restrictions do not apply to G2 novice drivers who are at least 20 years old.

All drivers under age 22 must maintain a zero BAC.

Prince Edward Island has a form of graduated licensing for teen drivers. At 16, teens are eligible for a learner’s permit if enrolled in a driver education program.

A holder of a learner’s permit can only drive if he or she meets the following criteria: (1) must be accompanied by a licensed driver who has held a license for 4 years; (2) the licensed driver must sit in the passenger seat; and (3) only members of the immediate family of the licensed operator can be in the vehicle, or the permit holder can be accompanied by a licensed instructor and no more than 4 persons, not including the instructor.

A learner’s permit holder must hold the permit for 1 year, or 275 days if permit holder has completed a driver education program, before being eligible for a regular driver’s license.

At 16, teens are eligible for a regular license. However, a driver of a motor vehicle who has held a driver’s license for less than 1 year may only be accompanied by 3 passengers who are immediate family of the driver, or 2 from the immediate family of the driver and 1 other passenger.

The number of passengers allowed in the vehicle must not exceed the number of passengers that can be accommodated in seating positions that have seat belts.

When the driver of a motor vehicle has held a valid driver’s license for more than 1 year but less than 2 years, the driver may not transport more passengers than seat belts.

The minimum age for an unrestricted license is 17.

Québec has graduated licensing for new drivers. Before they may apply for any type of license (see below) except for a moped or a farm tractor, they must obtain, at least, a learner’s license. The rules to obtain a motorcycle license differ from those for a passenger vehicle. They are explained further:

Passenger vehicle: New drivers are eligible for a learner’s permit from the age of 16. They can obtain it after passing the driving knowledge test and the vision test. The holder of a learner’s permit must, when driving a passenger vehicle, be assisted by a person who has held, for at least 2 years, a valid driver’s license for that class of vehicle. The person must be seated beside the holder of the learner’s license, and be in position to give him or her assistance and advice.

New drivers must hold the learner’s permit for at least 12 months before being eligible for a probationary driving license. The probationary license is obtained after passing the road test. It must be kept valid for 24 months. Drivers then qualify for a regular driver’s license.

Saskatchewan has a graduated licensing program. At 15, teens are eligible for a Class 7 license, if they complete the high school driver education program (otherwise 16 years). There are three stages to Saskatchewan’s graduated driver’s licensing program – Learner, Novice 1, and Novice 2. Drivers in the GDL program cannot consume any amount of alcohol (zero BAC), cannot be a supervising driver, and cannot obtain a commercial class driver’s license or school bus endorsement.

Class 7 learners licenses may be issued to drivers who are a minimum of 16 years of age (15 years of age if enrolled in an approved high school driver education program) that pass written and vision tests. The learner’s stage lasts for nine months, excluding interruptions (non-renewal, refusal, license suspension). Drivers education is mandatory, drivers have the option of high school training (30 hours in-class, six hours in-car) or commercial training (six hours in-class, six hours in-car). In the learner stage, drivers must have in the front passenger seat at all hours a supervising driver, who must be an experienced, licensed driver and be conscious and capable of lawfully assuming operation of the vehicle. Learners may not driver between the hours of midnight and 5 a.m. and passengers (excluding the supervising driver) must be immediate family members (defined as spouse, child, parent, step-parent, sibling or grandparent). The number of passengers is limited to the number of seatbelts.

Class 5 – Novice 1 license holders must be a minimum of 16 years of age and must pass a class 5 road test. Novice 1 licenses must be held for 6 months. Novice 1 license holders may only transport 1 passenger at a time who is not an immediate family member.  The number of passengers is limited to the number of seatbelts. After holding a Class 5 – Novice 1 license for 6 months, excluding interruptions (non-renewal, refusal, license suspension), drivers are eligible for a Class 5 – Novice 2 license.

Class 5 – Novice 2 licenses are held for 12 months, excluding interruptions (non-renewal, refusal, license suspensions), and while keeping free of any at-fault collisions, traffic convictions or license suspensions. Novice 2 license holders may not transport any more passengers than there are seatbelts.

The Yukon has a form of graduated licensing.

A learner’s licensee may operate a motor vehicle while accompanied by a person who holds a subsisting license for the operation of the vehicle being used, who has held such license for a period of at least 2 years, and who is seated immediately beside the licensee. In addition the person accompanying the learner licensee must not have any alcohol in his or her blood, and his or her ability to operate a motor vehicle must not be impaired by drugs or any other substance. Learner’s license holders must accumulate 50 hours of driving experience and may have no more than 1 non-family member passenger in order to apply for a novice license at age 16.

Except in the case of a learner’s license, a driver’s license is not issued to anyone under the age of 16 years.

A novice licensee may drive without a co-driver except between the hours of midnight and 5 a.m.  A novice driver may not transport more than one passenger under 13 or a combination of passengers including a passenger under 13 and a passenger under 20 unless accompanied by a passenger over 20.

The application of a person under 18 years of age must be signed by the person’s parent or legal guardian unless the applicant can prove that he or she is self-supporting and unable to obtain the consent of a parent or guardian, or that he or she is married. The minimum age for an unrestricted license is 17 years and 6 months.